Edwin a



(No Model.)

B. A. LELAND. v STEAM HEATER. FOR RAILWAY GAR HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 471,869. Patented Mar; 29,1 92,

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UNrr-nn STATE-S2 PATENT QFEICE.

EDWIN A. LELAND, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES M. PRATT,OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-HEATHER FOR RAlLWAY-CAR-HEA'l'llNG APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 471,869, dated March29, 1892. Application filed January 15,1891. Serial No. 377,912. (Nomodel.) menaa'innngana September 3,1891, Net 15,166.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. LELAND, a citizen of theUnited States,residing at Brookprovements in that class or type of car-heatingapparatus shown in the United States Let- I ters Patent granted me uponthe th day of November, 1890, N o.441,497, and the purpose thereof is'tosecurea largely increasedheating-surface forthe watertraversing the'heater;

, to simplify and improve the construction of the latter; to provideforthe speedy and ready attachment and detachment of the steam outlet andinletpipes from the end or cap of the heater and fromthe interiorsteam-head, and

to so construct and organize the several parts that the live steamfrornwhich the'water derives its heat shall be supplied to a series ofannular steam chambers or spaces, which not i only incloseWater-passages but are surrounded by a water space or spaces, whereby asmall body of steam may be distributed over a very considerable surfaceand impart heat to water-contacting surfaces having more than double thearea of heating-surface afforded by heaters having water-pipes in thedrum surrounded by steam.

To these ends myinvention consists in the several novel features ofconstruction and new combinations of parts hereinafter fully set forth,and then more particularly pointed out and defined in the claimsfollowing this specification.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my said invention, Iwill proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is acentral vertical section ofa steam-heating apparatus embodying my inventionfand Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of Fig. 1 on the line :1: 00.

In the said drawings, the reference-numeral 1 designates the cylindricalcasing or jacket of the heater, having its lower end closed by a p he antern l hre e flange which receives the end of the jacket, the latterbeing provided with a male thread. The upper end of the cylindrical bodyis likewise closedlbya cap 3, secured-in a similar manner. Through thecenter ofthecap 2 is tapped a pipe 1, throughwhich the cold water or thewater which has beenpart-ly deprived of its heat is admitted t0 theheater, and through the upper cap 3, is inserted in a similar manner apipe 5, through whichthe water which has traversed the heater findsexit. This outlet-pipe is usually connected to any suitable 1 form ofenpansion tank ;or chamber (not shown in the drawings) andthence to thecirculation-pipe or radiators in the interior of the car.

Tapped into the lower cap 2, upon opposite sides of the inlet-pipe 4,are two separate pipes '70 6 and 7, the formerbeingconnected with thetrain-pipe in any suitable manner, in order that live steam may besupplied thereto.

The pipes 6 and 7 have communication with short tubularpieces 8 and 9,having right and left hand malethreads upon their opposite ends,respectively, one end of each being in-, serted in the threaded openingsin the cap 2 and I screwed in upon the interior of said cap, which isthickened to provide threaded 8o openings ofsufficient lengthto receivethese tubular piecesaswell as the pipes 6 and 7. Upon theinwardly-projecting ends of said pieces are turned couplingslO, havingright and left hand female threads in each, and to these couplings areconnected'tubular pieces 12 and 13, each having one end screwed into oneof the couplings 10. Into the tubular opening in the piece 12 isinserted athin copper tubing 14, having its end brazed or simio larlyfastened in said tubular piece, above which the tube projects for somedistance, its upper open end, as shown in the drawings, passing thecenter of the cylindrical casing or body of the heater. Into the tubularpiece 13 is inserted in a similar manner a tube 15 of the same length asthe tube 1 1 and brazed within the piece 13. The length of these tubesmay be subject to variation, but I prefer using the proportionssubstantially as shown in the drawings.

The reference-numeral 16 denotes a steamthread being out upon theouter-surface'of' said flange. Upon the other disk is formed '10 a likeflange 18, the outer surface of which is flush with the edge of'saiddisk, while its inner surface is provided with a female thread adaptedto receive the male thread on the flange 17. When thus attached, archamber 15 19 willbe formed between-the said disks, as

shown in Fig. 1. In the upper of the two disks isformed a series ofcircularopenings which-receive=thecndsof pipes 20, "bra'zedor *otherwisefastened in place within-said 'open- 20 ings. Inthe'lowe-r disk andconcentricwith *saidopenings are formed a series of openings which areless in diameter thanthose in the other disk and receive 1 the'ends ofpipes 21,

M hich pass upward within the" pipes 20. In

2 5 one of the'openingsin the lowerfidisk, which is threadedfor' thatpurpose, is screwed-the end of- 'th'e tubularpiece 12;the pi'pesl iextending upwardconcentrically 1 within the pipe 20 above andin-'an'open'ing in the samedisk,'diao metrically I opposite,o1"substantially so, is i n- "serted in the end of ?-the tubular 'piece'13its pipe "15-; which isprovidedwitlrpe'rforations at close intervals,extending upward in one "of the tubes 20. The steam-head 16israised 3 5*some little idistanceabove thelower end of the ='heater.

= In=or*n ea'r the upperend'of' the 'heateris a second stean'rhead22,constructed,inthe manner already described, of two-flanged disks 4oincl-osing a chamber 28,- the pipes 20 of great -est diameterpenetrating the lower'disk'only,

while the smaller concentric: pipes '21 pass through the supper disk. Itwill be seen from i-t his constructionlathat the series *of pipes' 2O 5have free communication with the two *chambel's -19 and 23' in -theloweranduppersteam- -heads; respectively, while 1 the pipes2ltraverseb'oth these chambers,aswell as thesurrounding pipes 20;and1communicate with the 5o spaceinclosed by-thec'ylindrica-l body l'gand"caps 2'and 3.

i steam is I now introduced through the steanr-i nlet' pipe 6, it willnow inthe 'directionsindicated by-the arrows in Fig. 1; fil1ing 55*thejannular-spaces 24 between thepipes 20 and '21,"whilethewaterentering by the inlet- =pipe ew illinotonly-flow through thepipes21,

butypassing through the annular spaces '25 between the edge of *thesteam-head 16 and 6o the 'innerface oflthegcylindrical body 1-, willsurround the -largerpipes 20, thereby givinga series 'of-doubleWater-contacting surfaces, one ofsaid surfacesbeing the interior facesofthe pipes 21 and the'other the exteog rior facesbf the pipes 20.-Moreover', the I *steani'beingconfined to thefan'n'ular spaces 24:,these surfaces are heated with a-comparativelysmall-body of live steam.v

' Bythis construction I not only avoid the use of an interiorsteam-drum, but I obtain an economy of steam, and in virtue of thelargely-increased heating-surface contained -within :the body portioul,I-obtain a much more rapid heating of the water and a more speedycirculation of the same.

What I claim is- 11 In a steam-h eater for rail'way-car-heatingapparatus, the combination of an outer cylindrical drum closed at itsends and having a water-inletzat oneend and a water-outlet attheotherend, steam-heads arranged within said drum and each having asteam-chamber, a steam-inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe, both extended"between", the said. steamheads-onjopposite sidesoftheidrunrcenter'b'ersinvisaid heads; a steamd'nle't' tube,of less diam eterthan thesteam-inlet pipe,;passing adj acent steam head, and steam chambertherein-,: and: extended" into the'steanI-inlet pipe, a steam-outlettube having perforations and similarly arranged in the steam=outletpipe, a series of pipes :of'ilargeldiameter havin g their; endscommunicating with the steam- -chambersinithe steam-heads, and aseriesof smaller 'pip'es' concentrically:arranged in the communicatingwith theends of .the spa'ce inclosed by the drum, substantially as described.

2; ha steam-h eater for railway-car-heating apparatus, the combination,with a'drum 1, having closedrends or caps 2" and 3,0f a waterinlet 4 anda water-outlet 5,1ocatedt in the lower and upper ends of. the drum,respectively, a steam-inlet pipe 6 anda steam' 'o'utlet pipe 7,"entering the cap 2,"right and left hand threaded pipe-sections 8andp9,-con- =-nected by unions-1O to the threaded ends 12 and 1301? "thesteam inlet'andzoutlet pipes, a steam-head 16,1nounted on andsupportedby thetpipes 12 and. Band having a .steamchamber 19, pipes2'0,vcommunicati ng with the steam-chamber 19, a steam inlettube 14 andsteam-outlet tube 15, thelatte'r having'perforations,said tu bespassingthrough the steamhead 16 'into two of the pipes 20 :on oppositesides'of' the center of thesteam-headr, asteamhead 22,-having a'chamber23, with which the -upper-ends of pipes 2O communi'cateyand' a series ofwater-conducting pipes121,"arranged within the steam+pipes 20,theirendspassing through both steam-heads and the steamchambers therein,anannularsteamj space 24 being provided between thepipes 20*and 21 andthe water being free "to passarou-nd the steam-heads and 001116111contact with the pipes" 20 and to pass through thepipes'21,substantially as described.

' 3. In a steam-heater for railway-car-heating and commu'ni'catingtwiththe steam chamsaidlarger pipes;'their endspassingthrotigh thesteam-heads and 'ste'am c'hambers and apparatus, the combination, withan inclosing jacket or body portion having a Water inlet and outlet inits respective ends, of steamheads, each composed of two separableflanged disks, steam-pipes arranged between said steam-heads and havingcommunication with the steam-chambers therein, concentricwater-conductin g pipes traversing said steam pipes and chambers andpassing entirely through the steam-heads, and a steam inlet and outlet,the steam-heads being arranged

